Assessing the Canine Spine: From Segmental Findings to Functional Meaning

The canine spine is sometimes approached as though it were a series of separate regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar and lumbosacral. These divisions are anatomically useful, but the living spine does not experience movement in such neatly defined sections. As the dog walks, turns, lowers its head or transfers weight between limbs, movement is distributed throughout…